Martin Meenagh blog

  The Civil War: Coverage and Coherence  These lecture notes have been cross-posted to my wix account.    I: The nature of History   If we begin at the beginning of things, history the writing and pursuit of history itself is the obvious starting point. By History, I mean to convey the nexus of professional, non-academic, personal, oral, social, and archaeological evidence and dispute which constitutes our understanding of the past. As a proven lawyer, I should also note that by evidence I mean the testimonial, circumstantial, forensic, and expert interpretation of the accretion of events. Counterfactual and inductive histories, which proceed from what didn’t happen, and from analogy and the perception of the observer as to what they think happened, aren’t really history, though they can be fun, and I feel duty bound to exclude them.   History is often called the Queen on the Arts. This idea, which emerged in the setting of the English traditi...

    The Constitution of the United States is a document with seven articles and twenty-seven amendments at the time of writing in 2020. It does not represent a codified body of law, but nor is it the changeable Act of a sovereign parliament, as British constitutional documents are. Instead, the Constitution creates a flexible system of checks and balances which lay out the ‘ground rules’ for the institution, allocation and limitation of government power at the federal level. In itself, it makes any sort of positive governance difficult to begin beyond the core functions of foreign policy and defence, but once capacities and elaborations have been added, they have proven very difficult to reform. It is certainly the case that the original document, ratified in 1788 was both a response to the perceived weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation which preceded it, and a document which was less idealistic and more informed by Hobbesian and tough-minded ideas of power and capa...

  The Missouri compromise was a legal and political construction of the US Congress. It was built into the accession of the Missouri Territory to Statehood in 1820, and held that a line on a map could be used to differentiate southern slave territory and northern free territory across that part of the North American continent controlled by the USA. It was drawn from the division of Virginia and Carolina in 1665 and then reinforced by the use of 36 degrees and 30 minutes by surveyors as a way to delineate the borders of Tennessee and Kentucky, and allowed for the future introduction of ‘slave’ and ‘free’ states into the American Union. The Compromise must be seen in the context of other acts of expansion. During the time when it was mooted, the United States in the form of the Monroe Administration was seeking the conclusion of a treaty with Spain that would incorporate the Territory of West Florida into the Union, but also settle the boundary line of the USA in regard to what was...

‘Reconstruction’ is a passive indicative term referring to several things. It talks to the reconstruction of the relationship between the States which had joined the Confederacy and the Federal Government after the defeat of the Confederacy, and as such can be divided into presidential, congressional, and judicial forms. It also talks to the reconstruction of the relationship between Americans of African descent in the Southern States, white Southerners, and other Americans too. The former point is relatively easy to resolve. One cannot use President Lincoln’s policy whilst the war was ongoing to define whether it succeeded or failed. Lincoln faced two pressures; one, to reconstruct Louisianan government, and secondly, by example and policy, to undermine the Southern will to fight on. As with many Lincoln policies, his ideas on reconstruction were in a state marked by ambiguity and evolution, and he was assassinated before he could pronounce on what he wanted, though he warmly endors...